Overview
Protein glycosylation is an enzymatically regulated process in which glycans are attached to specific amino acid residues of proteins, predominantly occurring in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. Major forms of protein glycosylation include N-linked glycosylation and O-linked glycosylation, which differ in their attachment sites and biological functions. Glycosylation plays essential roles in regulating protein folding, stability, trafficking, and function, as well as diverse biological processes such as cell adhesion, cell communication, and immune response. Aberrant glycosylation patterns are closely associated with various pathological conditions, including cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune disorders.
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